Reports and Research

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Grid Strategies Reports

The Economic Cost of a DOE Mandate for the Craig Unit 1 Coal-Burning Generator to Continue Operating

Dec 2025 |

| by Michael Goggin

Strategic Use of Public Revenue Bonding Authority to Accelerate Transmission Development

Dec 2025 | ,

| by Rob Gramlich, Nathan Shreve, Micah Wagner, Soam Goel

Forecasting for Large Loads: Current Practices and Recommendations

Dec 2025 |

| by John D. Wilson and Sophie Meyer

Interconnection Queue Rationing Reforms

Nov 2025 | ,

| by Houtan Moaveni, Lauren Campbell, Richard Seide, and Rob Gramlich

Power Demand Forecasts Revised Up for Third Year Running, Led by Data Centers

Nov 2025 |

| by John D. Wilson, Sophie Meyer, Zach Zimmerman, and Rob Gramlich

Transmission Congestion for 2024

Nov 2025 |

| by Nathan Shreve, Julia Selker, Zach Zimmerman, Richard Doying

Delaying Transmission Increases Costs and Reduces Benefits for Consumers

Nov 2025 | ,

| by Zach Zimmerman, Rob Gramlich, and Michael Goggin

Rob Gramlich Testimony – PJM Region Multi-State Technical Conference

Sep 2025 | ,

| by Rob Gramlich

Managing Seams: Market Coordination in Western Wholesale Energy Markets

Sep 2025 |

| by Richard Doying

The Cost of Federal Mandates to Retain Fossil-Burning Power Plants

Aug 2025 |

| by Michael Goggin

Rob Gramlich Testimony on Increased Electricity Demand, Senate Energy and Natural Resources Committee

Jul 2025 | ,

| by Rob Gramlich

Fewer New Miles: Strategic Industries Held Back by Slow Pace of Transmission

Jul 2025 | ,

| by Nathan Shreve, Zach Zimmerman, Gretchen Kershaw, and Rob Gramlich

A review of reports on Spanish blackout causes and solutions

Jun 2025 | ,

| by Michael Goggin

Large Scale Transmission Deployment Saves Consumers Money

Jun 2025 | ,

| by Zach Zimmerman, Michael Goggin, Rob Gramlich, and Gretchen Kershaw

Graphic Summary: The Resource Adequacy Value of Interregional Transmission

Jun 2025 | ,

| by Adria E. Brooks, Alison Silverstein, Rob Gramlich

Resource Adequacy Value of Interregional Transmission

Jun 2025 | ,

| by Adria Brooks, Alison Silverstein, Rob Gramlich

Incorporating GETs and HPCs into Transmission Planning Under FERC Order 1920

Apr 2025 |

| by Jay Caspary, Grid Strategies and T. Bruce Tsuchida, Linquan Bai, S. Ziyi Tang, The Brattle Group

April 2025 Update to Strategic Industries Surging Report

Apr 2025 | ,

| by John D. Wilson, Zach Zimmerman, and Rob Gramlich

The cheapest way to supercharge America’s power grid

Mar 2025 |

| by Rob Gramlich and Brian Deese

NERC’s Recommended Grid Expansion Would Save Consumers Billions

Feb 2025 | ,

| by Michael Goggin and Zach Zimmerman, Grid Strategies LLC and Dana Ammann, Natural Resources Defense Council

Penny-Wise and Pound Foolish: PJM’s Capacity Auction Demonstrates the Cost Imperative of Simplified and Speedy Interconnection

Feb 2025 | , , ,

| by Sophie Meyer, Rob Gramlich

Strategic Industries Surging: Driving US Power Demand

Dec 2024 | ,

| by John D. Wilson, Zach Zimmerman, and Rob Gramlich

Independent Transmission Construction Monitor

Nov 2024 |

| by John D. Wilson, Rob Gramlich, Yorgos Raskovic

Comparison: Energy Permitting Reform Act of 2024 and Clean Electricity and Transmission Acceleration Act of 2023

Nov 2024 |

| by Rob Gramlich and Nathan Shreve

2024 State of Regional Transmission Planning

Oct 2024 |

| by Zach Zimmerman and Rob Gramlich

Use of Network Open Seasons in the Electric Industry

Oct 2024 | , ,

| by Rob Gramlich and Zach Zimmerman

PA House testimony on Meeting Emerging Electricity Demand in PJM

Oct 2024 |

| by Rob Gramlich

A Roadmap for Advanced Transmission Technology Adoption

Sep 2024 | , ,

| by Brian Deese, Rob Gramlich, and Anna Pasnau

2023 Transmission Congestion Report

Sep 2024 | , , ,

| by Nathan Shreve, Julia Selker, Zach Zimmerman, Rob Gramlich

Unlocking America’s Energy: How to Efficiently Connect New Generation to the Grid

Aug 2024 |

| by Grid Strategies LLC: Rob Gramlich, John D. Wilson, Richard Seide, Yorgos Raskovic; The Brattle Group: J. Michael Hagerty, Joe DeLosa III, Johannes Pfeifenberger

Fewer New Miles: The US Transmission Grid in the 2020s

Jul 2024 | ,

| by Nathan Shreve, Zachary Zimmerman, and Rob Gramlich

Energy Permitting Reform Act of 2024: How the Transmission Process Would Work

Jul 2024 |

| by Nathan Shreve and Rob Gramlich

The Consumer and Environmental Costs from Uneconomically Dispatching Coal Plants in MISO

Jul 2024 | ,

| by Zach Zimmerman, Dana Ammann, Claire Lang-Ree, and Michael Goggin

Market Configuration Matters Effects of Market Choices on Consumers in the Northwest US

Jun 2024 | ,

| by Richard Doying, Rob Gramlich

Transmission Planning for PJM’s Future Load and Generation – Version 1

Jun 2024 |

| by Zach Zimmerman, Dinos Gonatas, Anjali Patel, and Rob Gramlich

Generator Interconnection Scorecard: Ranking Interconnection Outcomes and Processes of the Seven U.S. Regional Transmission System Operators

Mar 2024 | ,

| by John D. Wilson, Richard Seide, Rob Gramlich, and J. Michael Hagerty

Fostering Collaboration Would Help Build Needed Transmission

Feb 2024 | ,

| by Rob Gramlich, Richard Doying, and Zach Zimmerman

Addendum: The Era of Flat Power Demand is Over

Dec 2023 | ,

| by John D. Wilson and Zach Zimmerman

The Era of Flat Power Demand is Over

Dec 2023 | ,

| by John D. Wilson and Zach Zimmerman

Billions in Benefits: a path for expanding transmission between MISO and PJM

Nov 2023 |

| by Michael Goggin and Zach Zimmerman

Environmental Forum Debate: Meeting Clean Energy Goals Will Require the Grid of the Future

Oct 2023 |

| by Rob Gramlich

Ready-To-Go Transmission Projects 2023: Progress and Status since 2021

Sep 2023 |

| by Zachary Zimmerman, Michael Goggin, and Rob Gramlich

Transmission Congestion Costs Rise Again in U.S. RTOs – July 2023

Jul 2023 | ,

| by Richard Doying, Michael Goggin, and Abby Sherman

Transmission Planning and Development Regional Report Card

Jun 2023 |

| by Zach Zimmerman and Rob Gramlich

Serving Customers Best: The Benefits Of Competitive Electric Vehicle Charging Stations

May 2023 | , ,

| by Rob Gramlich, Frank Lacey, Bryan Lee, and Zach Zimmerman

Quantifying a Minimum Interregional Transfer Capability Requirement

May 2023 | ,

| by Michael Goggin, Zach Zimmerman, and Abby Sherman

Transmission Congestion Costs in the U.S. RTOs

Apr 2023 | ,

| by Abby Sherman

Moving from talk to action on grid reliability

Feb 2023 | , ,

| by Rob Gramlich

The Value of Transmission During Winter Storm Elliot

Feb 2023 | , , ,

| by Michael Goggin and Zachary Zimmerman

FERC in Focus: a look ahead at 2023

Jan 2023 | ,

| by Michael Goggin

Emissions reductions from electricity transmission provisions in draft energy permitting legislation

Sep 2022 | ,

| by Rob Gramlich, Michael Goggin

Fewer new miles: The U.S. transmission grid in the 2010s

Aug 2022 |

| by Jay Caspary, Rob Gramlich, Michael Goggin, and Julia Selker

Enabling low-cost clean energy and reliable service through better transmission benefits analysis: a case study of MISO’s long-range transmission planning

Aug 2022 | , ,

| by Rob Gramlich

Advanced Conductors on Existing Transmission Corridors to Accelerate Low Cost Decarbonization

Mar 2022 | , , ,

| by Jay Caspary and Jesse Schneider

The One-Year Anniversary of Winter Storm Uri: Lessons Learned and the Continued Need for Large-Scale Transmission

Feb 2022 | , , ,

| by Michael Goggin and Jesse Schneider

Excerpt of Legal Analysis: Ensuring Low Cost Reliability

Nov 2021 |

| by Rob Gramlich, Grid Strategies with Jonathan D. Schneider, Stinson LLP

Fleetwide Failures: How Interregional Transmission Tends to Keep the Lights on When There Is a Loss of Generation

Nov 2021 | , , ,

| by Michael Goggin, Rob Gramlich, Jay Caspary, and Jesse Schneider

Ensuring Low-Cost Reliability: Resource Adequacy Recommendations for a Clean Energy Grid

Nov 2021 | ,

| by Rob Gramlich

Resource Adequacy for a Clean Energy Grid: Technical Analysis

Nov 2021 | , ,

| by Rob Gramlich

Resolving Interconnection Queue Logjams: Lessons for CAISO From the US and Abroad

Oct 2021 | ,

| by Michael Goggin, Derek Stenclik

Electricity Transmission Is a Low-Cost Tool for Carbon Abatement

Oct 2021 |

| by Rob Gramlich, Michael Goggin, Jay Caspary, and Jesse Schneider

Transmission Planning for the 21st Century: Proven Practices that Increase Value and Reduce Costs

Oct 2021 | , , , ,

| by Rob Gramlich, Michael Goggin, Jay Caspary, Jesse Schneider, Johannes Pfeifenberger, Kasparas Spokas, J. Michael Hagerty, and John Tsoukalis

A New State-Federal Cooperation Agenda for Regional and Interregional Transmission

Sep 2021 | , , , ,

| by Rob Gramlich and John C. Gavan

Transmission Makes the Power System Resilient to Extreme Weather

Jul 2021 | , , ,

| by Michael Goggin

Testimony for Hearing on “The CLEAN Future Act and Electric Transmission: Delivering Clean Power to the People

Jun 2021 | , , , , ,

| by Rob Gramlich

Investment Tax Credit for Regionally Significant Transmission Lines

May 2021 | , ,

| by Michael Goggin and Rob Gramlich

Transmission Projects Ready to Go: Plugging Into America’s Untapped Renewable Resources

Apr 2021 |

| by Michael Goggin, Rob Gramlich, and Michael Skelly

Designing the 21st Century Electricity System: How Electricity Buyers Can Accelerate Change

Mar 2021 | , ,

| by Rob Gramlich and CEBA Institute

No state is an island – Transmission keeps the lights on

Mar 2021 | , , ,

| by Rob Gramlich

Observations on Winter Electric Reliability Event in South Central U.S.

Feb 2021 | , , , , ,

| by Rob Gramlich and Michael Goggin

Planning for the Future: FERC’s Opportunity to Spur More Cost-Effective Transmission Infrastructure

Jan 2021 | , , , ,

| by Rob Gramlich and Jay Caspary

Disconnected: The Need for a New Generator Interconnection Policy

Jan 2021 | , ,

| by Jay Caspary, Michael Goggin, Jesse Schneider, and Rob Gramlich

Consumer, Employment, and Environmental Benefits of Electricity Transmission Expansion in the Eastern U.S.

Oct 2020 | ,

| by Michael Goggin, Christopher T.M. Clack, Aditya Choukulkar, Brianna Cote, and Sarah McKee

Offshore Wind Transmission Whitepaper

Oct 2020 | , , , , ,

| by Michael Goggin, Rob Gramlich, and Brandon Burke

Whether to FRRExit: Information States Need on the Costs and Benefits of Departing the PJM Capacity Construct,

May 2020 | , ,

| by Rob Gramlich and Miles Farmer

A Moving Target: An Update on the Consumer Impacts of FERC Interference with State Policies in the PJM Region

May 2020 | , ,

| by Rob Gramlich and Michael Goggin

Who’s the Buyer? Retail Electric Market Structure Reforms in Support of Resource Adequacy and Clean Energy Development

Mar 2020 | , ,

| by Rob Gramlich and Frank Lacy

Testimony Before the Illinois State Senate Regarding PJM’s Minimum Offer Price Rule

Mar 2020 | , , ,

| by Rob Gramlich

Future Electricity Markets: Designing for Massive Amounts of Zero-Variable-Cost Renewable Resources

Dec 2019 | , ,

| by Rob Gramlich, Erika Ela, Farhad Billimoria, Kenneth Ragsdale, Sai Moorty, Jon O'Sullivan, Mark Rothleder, Bruce Rew, Matti Supponen, and Paul Sotkiewicz

Too Much of the Wrong Thing: The Need for Capacity Market Replacement or Reform

Nov 2019 | , ,

| by Rob Gramlich and Michael Goggin

ERCOT 2019: Final Proof of a Successful Market Design?

Oct 2019 | , ,

| by Rob Gramlich

Enabling Versatility: Allowing Hybrid Resources to Deliver Their Full Value to Customers

Sep 2019 | , , , ,

| by Rob Gramlich, Michael Goggin, and Jason Burwen

Consumer Impacts of FERC Interference with State Policies: An Analysis of the PJM Region

Aug 2019 | , ,

| by Michael Goggin and Rob Gramlich

Response to EPSA Critique of Grid Strategies MOPR Cost Analysis

Aug 2019 | , ,

| by Michael Goggin

Affidavit on New York ISO Buyer Side Mitigation for Key Capture Energy

Aug 2019 | , , ,

| by Rob Gramlich

Transmission Congestion Costs in the U.S. RTOs

Aug 2019 | , ,

| by Jesse Schneider

Watt Coalition Initial Comments

Jun 2019 | , , , ,

| by WATT Coalition

Improving Transmission Operation with Advanced Technologies: A Review of Deployment Experience and Analysis of Incentives

Jun 2019 | , , ,

| by Rob Gramlich and T. Bruce Tsuchida

Testimony to Roundtable on Electricity Transmission Infrastructure

Jun 2019 | , , , , ,

| by Rob Gramlich

Wholesale Electricity Market Design for Rapid Decarbonization: A Decentralized Markets Approach,

Jun 2019 | , ,

| by Rob Gramlich and Michael Hogan

Quantifying the Consumer Benefits of the Market Reforms in the Report, Customer Focused and Clean

Mar 2019 | , , ,

| by Michael Goggin and Michael Milligan

Customer-Focused and Clean: Power Markets for the Future (Full Report)

Nov 2018 | , , , ,

| by Rob Gramlich, Michael Goggin, Alison Silverstein, and Steven Shparber

Customer-Focused and Clean: Power Markets for the Future (MISO)

Nov 2018 | , , , ,

| by Rob Gramlich, Michael Goggin, Alison Silverstein, and Steven Shparber

Customer-Focused and Clean: Power Markets for the Future (PJM)

Nov 2018 | , , , ,

| by Rob Gramlich, Michael Goggin, Alison Silverstein, and Steven Shparber

Maintaining Resource Adequacy in PJM While Accommodating State Policies: A Proposal for the Resource-Specific FRR Alternative

Jul 2018 | ,

| by Rob Gramlich and James F. Wilson

Testimony for Hearing on the Electric Grid of the Future

Jun 2018 | , , , , ,

| by Rob Gramlich

Testimony for Hearing on Examining the State of Electric Transmission Infrastructure- Investment, Planning, Construction, and Alternatives

May 2018 | , , , , , ,

| by Rob Gramlich

Affidavit on the Cost of Redundant Capacity Procured due to PJM’s MOPR-Ex Proposal

May 2018 | , , , , ,

| by Michael Goggin

A Customer-focused Framework for Electric System Resilience

May 2018 | , , ,

| by Rob Gramlich, Michael Goggin, and Alison Silverstein

Joint Statement on Power Market Principles and the Minimum Offer Price Rule

Mar 2018 | , ,

| by Coalition of clean energy interests

Bringing the Grid to Life: White Paper on the Benefits to Customers of Transmission Management Technologies

Mar 2018 | , ,

| by Rob Gramlich

Grid operations technologies protected customers from the bomb cyclone

Feb 2018 | , , ,

| by Rob Gramlich

Testimony in FERC Proceeding on State Policy and Organized Markets

Jan 2018 | , ,

| by Rob Gramlich

Markets, Reliability, and Resilience

Sep 2017 | , ,

| by GridGeeks Podcast

Using More Of The Grid We’ve Got

Sep 2017 | , , ,

| by Rob Gramlich

Harnessing the Winds of the Rift Valley

Jun 2017 | , , ,

| by Daniel Cusick, E&E News

Organized Markets for the Future

May 2017 | , ,

| by Rob Gramlich

Rob Gramlich Gramlich interview with California ISO CEO Steve Berberich.

May 2016 | , , ,

| by Rob Gramlich

Wind’s Getting Better: Continual Improvement is Critical for Future Needs

Dec 2015 | , , ,

| by Rob Gramlich

America’s Energy Future Beyond Oil and Gas

Jun 2013 | , , , ,

| by Rob Gramlich

Impact of Electric Industry Structure on High Wind Penetration Potential

Jul 2009 | , , ,

| by Kirby Milligan, Michael Goggin, and Rob Gramlich

The Ability of Current U.S. Electric Industry Structure and Transmission Rules to Accommodate High Wind Energy Penetration

Jan 2008 | , ,

| by Michael Goggin and Rob Gramlich

What Comes First? Transmission Planning and Competitive Electricity Market Operation for Delivery of Wind Energy

Dec 2007 | , , , ,

| by Rob Gramlich, Richard Piwko, Rob DeMello, Warren Lasher, Dale Osborn, Carl Dombek, Kevin Porter

Wind Integration in the USA, World-Generation

Jan 2007 | , , ,

| by Rob Gramlich

The Role of Energy Regulation in Addressing Generation Market Power

Mar 2006 | ,

| by Rob Gramlich

Wind Energy Delivery Issues: Transmission Planning and Competitive Electricity Market Operation

Dec 2005 | , , , , ,

| by Richard Piwko, Dale Osborn, Rob Gramlich, Gary Jordan, David Hawkins, and Kevin Porter

The Role of Capacity Obligations in a Restructured Pennsylvania-New Jersey-Maryland Electricity Market

Nov 2000 | , ,

| by Joseph E. Bowring and Rob Gramlich

Pollution and Energy Taxes: Their Environmental and Economic Benefits

Aug 1993 | ,

| by Robert Repetto, Roger C. Dower, and Rob Gramlich

Grid Strategies Blog

Load Growth Forecast Reports

Nov 2025

Transmission Congestion in the U.S.

Nov 2025

A review of reports on Spanish blackout causes and solutions

Jun 2025

Note on the Use of Congestion Rents to Approximate Societal Costs of Transmission Congestion

Apr 2023

| by Rob Gramlich

Transmission Benefits All Users of the Power Grid

Oct 2022

| by Michael Goggin

Fewer New Miles: The US Transmission Grid in the 2010s

Aug 2022

| by Jay Caspary, Michael Goggin, Rob Gramlich and Julia Selker

Careers at Grid Strategies

Aug 2022

| by Rob Gramlich

Line Ratings and the Future of Renewable Energy – Webinar, 2/8/21 at 1 pm ET

Feb 2021

| by Rob Gramlich

Transmission and Jobs

Jul 2020

| by Michael Goggin

2019 – Transmission Congestion Costs in the U.S. RTOs

Sep 2019

| by Jesse Schneider

Gramlich EBA paper Oct 2017

Sep 2017

| by Rob Gramlich

Harnessing the Winds of the Rift Valley

Jan 2017

| by Rob Gramlich